PostgreSQL is widely known for its Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) model, which allows multiple transactions to occur simultaneously without interfering with each other. However, one side effect of MVCC is the creation of dead tuples—old versions of data rows that are no longer needed but still occupy space. Dead tuples also lead to a phenomenon known as table bloat, which refers to the excessive unused space in a table caused by dead tuples that haven't been cleaned up, resulting in inefficient storage and reduced performanceTo address the issues of dead tuples and table bloat, autovacuum comes into play. It's an automatic process designed to clean up these dead tuples and maintain optimal database performance.In this blog, we will explore the main situations when autovacuum should run:

Indexes are crucial for accelerating database queries, and enhancing the performance of your PostgreSQL applications. However, not all indexes function the same way. Composite and partial indexes are two common types, each with distinct purposes and effects on performance. In this blog, we'll dive into what composite and partial indexes are, how they operate, and when to use them to achieve the best results for your database.

PostgreSQL is a powerful and open-source relational database system known for its reliability, flexibility, and advanced features. It handles complex queries, ensures data integrity, and can be extended to meet various needs, making it a popular choice for many applications. However, as your data grows and the number of transactions increases, scaling PostgreSQL can be challenging.

The file_fdw (Foreign Data Wrapper) is a PostgreSQL extension that lets you access data stored in flat files, like CSV files, as if they were regular tables in your PostgreSQL database. This is useful for integrating external data sources without needing to import the data directly into your database.